2022年4月自考英语一试题

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2022年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（一）

（课程代码00012）

本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。

必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。

第一部分：阅读判断（第1〜10题，每题1分，共10分）

下面的短文后列出了 10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果 该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的 信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

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Why I Love My Job

Ross is a public school teacher. She teaches a group of, mostly, seniors and she loves what she does.

“My job is great/⁵ she said. “That is the only way to describe it. As teachers, we have the opportunity to completely change someone’s life by providing him or her with a good education.^M

Ross moved to Austin in 1981 to attend the University of Texas. She earned a degree in math. Since her graduation, she has enjoyed teaching high school students in Texas for nearly 30 years. Over the years, she has taught every level of high school math.

“I’ve always taught high school students,she said. T like their energy, and I enjoy teaching seniors because they are getting ready to move on.”

Ross also believes teaching helps her keep a balance between work and life. It has allowed her to have the same work schedule as her children’s school schedule. When her sons were younger, she worked during the day while her musician husband worked at night. So daycare was never a problem. Today her two boys share the same daily schedule and the same winter, spring and summer vacations with her.

英语（一）试题第1页（共8页）

Teaching brings other benefits, too. Entry-level salaries of teachers are competitive with other fields. Teachers are also offered good retirement benefits and insurance. ^uDue to bad economy, very few places offer a pension now and teaching is one of them,” she said.

1. Ross believes that good education can change a person’s life.

4. Ross is one of the most popular teachers in her high school.

6. Ross⁹husband used to have a day-time job when their sons were younger.

8. Ross often goes traveling with her sons during their vacations.

9. New teachers earn much less than beginners in other fields.

10. Because of bad economy, teachers are losing their pensions, too.

英语（一）试题第2页（共8页）

第二部分：阅读选择（第11〜15题，符题2分,共10分）

二、阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B, C、D）中选出L个最佳 选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein was a famous scientist. He created many theories that completely changed the way people saw our world and the universe. At first, very few scientists could understand his theories. As time passed, other scientists came to accept them.

Einstein was bom in Ulm, Germany in 1879 and grew up in Munich. He was not a good student at school. He only did things he was interested in, like science and math.

After school, Einstein went to Switzerland and worked at the Swiss patent （专利）office in Bern. He studied what other people had invented. Later he moved to Berlin, Germany. He lived tiiere for a long time and developed many of his scientific theories. He won the Nobei Prize for Physics in 1921.

In 1933, Hitler and the Nazis came to power in Germany. Einstein was against the Nazis and their ideas. He decided to leave Germany and go to America. When World War II broke out in 1939, Einstein discovered that German scientists were working on a bomb. The bomb could kill thousands of people. He wrote a letter to the American president to warn him. He also suggested that the Americans start building one, too.

In 1942, the American government started a project to build the atomic bomb. Two of these bombs were dropped to end the war against Japan. Einstein was shocked when he heard the news. He wanted atomic energy to bring peace to the world.

“”Fqi* the last twenty years of his life, Einstein lived in Princeton. He continued his scientific work there. He died on April 18,1955.

11. What can we know about Einstein in his childhood?
12. He was bom in Munich, Germany. He was a straight-A student at school.
13. He was asked to leave school. He was interested in science subjects.
14. In which country did Einstein develop many of his theories?
15. B. America. C. Germany. D. Japan.
16. Einstein decided to leave for the United States because he.
17. was opposed to the Nazis could find a better job there
18. wanted to get away from wars D. was invited by the US government
19. When Einstein learned about the bombs dropped on Japan, he felt .
20. excited surprised C. satisfied D. confused
21. What can be inferred about Einstein from the passage?

A・ He had many followers when he was in Switzerland.

1. He earned a Nobel Prize after World War IL
2. He spent his late, days in Germany. „■:
3. He was a peace-loving person.

第三部分:概括段落大意和补全句子（第16〜25题，每题1分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第16〜20题后所给的6个 选项中为第❶〜❺段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）从第21〜25题后所给的6个选 项中选择5个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Jungle Highway

O Central Brazil has been invaded （入侵）by engineers and construction workers. They have cut through the Amazon jungle to build a new road across Brazil.

❷ The new road is called the Trans-Amazon Highway. It links the cities of BraziPs east coast with another highway that stretches to the Pacific. The highway connects cities all over Brazil with new settlements in central Brazil.

❸ Brazilians are both hopeful and anxious about the highway project. The land of northeastern Brazil is dry. It is difficult fbr the people to grow enough food or make enough money. They expect the new highway to provide new farmland and many jobs. They also expect new towns and cities to develop along the highway. They believe people will move from the coastal cities and help develop central Brazil.

❹ The highway is a great challenge to Brazilian engineering. Huge cutting machines are used to clear away thick jungle growth. There are other challenges, too. Workers have to deal with heavy rains, biting insects, diseases and loneliness. They do not bring their families with them. They often miss their families and friends at home.

❺ Ecologists （生态学家）are worried about problems the new highway has brought. The rainforest has only a thin layer（层）of rich soil. This layer has been protected by tall trees and fed by dead leaves and plants. But construction is destroying the forest. The trees have been cleared away to make room fbr the road and new settlements. Ecologists believe there will be no good farmland. Already, some areas of the jungle have turned into dry and dusty deserts.

Task 1

21. Trees in the jungle have been cut .
22. People in northeastern Brazil expect the highway .
23. Brazilians hope that .
24. Road workers often feel lonely because .
25. Ecologists are worried that .
26. to make room fbr a highway project
27. central Brazil will be developed
28. they leave their families behind
29. the forest is destroyed
30. people will suffer from more diseases
31. to bring them more money 第四部分：填句补文（第26〜30题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容 将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

First-born Children

How do first-born children differ from later-bom children? Hundreds of experiments have shown that the eldest child tends to be more careful, more eager fbr success, and more anxious. 26 He avoids dangerous sports like football and soccer.

One thing seems certain: first-borns have a good start in life. They are no more intelligent. But they are better readers as children. They do better in high school. They get better grades on school tests. More first-borns go to colleges and graduate schools. 27 They dominate （占优势）in graduate schools. They account fbr more than a third of doctors, lawyers and college professors. More first-borns become famous people in the world.

One reason for differences between older and younger children is that parents treat them differently. Many parents usually favor the eldest because everything he does is a novelty（新奇）.First-borns tend to be breast-fed longer. They are photographed endlessly. 28 First-boms are also given more responsibility because the mother needs them to help with the younger ones.

• Sometimes it is simply because families cannot afford to send more than one child to college.

• The first-born child provides the first vehicle by which parents can continue their own identities and realize their hopes and dreams. All in all, it seems that first-borns are not only teachers⁵pets, but parents’ pets as well.

第五部分：填词补文(第31〜40题，每题1.5分，共15分)

下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文 内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Building Trust in Teamwork

Trust is important for teamwork. Teens must learn to trust each other to work towards a common 31

For one activity, put the teens into 32 . One is blindfolded (蒙住眼睛).Use rings to 33 mines (地雷)in a certain area. The seeing partner stands on the 34 side of the field. He must direct his partner across the mine field safely. The point is to see how 35 their chosen form of communication is.

For another activity, 36 the whole group an un-assembled (未组装的)tent. Tell them they are in Antarctica and 37 survived a snowstorm. 1’he team leader has his hands hurt and cannot 38 . Half the team have been blinded by 39 and the other half have lost their voices. They must work 40 , listen to their leader and trust each other to quickly put the tent together for survival.

第六部分：完形补文(第41〜50题，每题1.5分，共15分)

下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正 确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。

The Origin of Birthday Cake

The words for “cake” and “bread” v^ere practically (practical) the same in early Europe. The only 41 (differ) was that cakes were sweet. In the 15th century, 42 (baker) came up with the idea of 43 (sell) cakes for people’s birthdays and their weddings. Since the cakes were 44 (usual) used for the birthdays of young children, these celebrations were 45 (refer) to as children’s festival. During this period, people began to put new ingredients (成分)into cakes to make them 46 (sweet) and less bread-like.

During the 17th century, birthday cakes were a luxury (奢侈品).Only the very 47 (wealth) could afiord them. Dunng the 48 (Industry) Revolution, materials and tools became more advanced and more 49 (easy) acquired. As a result, the price of birthday cakes became 50 (accept) to the masses.

第七部分：短文写作(第51题，30分)

请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇80词左右的英文写作任务。将你的答案写在 答题卡相应的位置上。

某英文报社邀请你参加题为“Where do you prefer to live, in a city

or in the countryside? ^v的征文活动。以下是写作提纲：

• 你的选择；
• 你做岀上述选择的原因。
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