2022年4月自考外刊经贸知识选读试题

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2022年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试外刊经贸知识选读

（课程代码00096 ）

注意事项：

1. 本试卷分为两部分,第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题。
2. 应考者必须按试题顺序在答题卡（纸）指定位置上作答，答在试卷上无效。
3. 涂写部分、画图部分必须使用2B铅笔，书写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔。

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第一部分选择题

一、单项选择题:本大题共15小题,每小题2分，共30分。在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项 是最符合题目要求的，请将其选出。

1. China this year is expected to enter the ^utop ten” of the world’s trading nations, leapfiogging Taiwan and South Korea in the process.

A； starting K氏壮ing C undergoing D. surpassing

2. For foreign investors, the prospectof having access to a market of 1 billion consumers no longer seems like a pipe dream.
3. film B. book C. chance D. stock
4. If there is roadto China’s future, Highway 204 out of Shanghai is it.
5. field B. way C. block D. tide
6. In the commodity market, prices of all major categories declinedin 1991.

A； declared L B. changed C. increased D. fell

5. A possible negotiatioiiwith Japan seeking a step-by-step reduction in its nearly $50 billion trade surplus with the United States/ 3；

三手瓦 policy B, batde C. talk D. note

6. But perhaps the majorreason is the dark economic clouds now hanging over Europe.
7. possible B. serious C. main D. minor
8. The report will also rejectthe argument that Japan needs special trade sanctions because it operates a diflerent sort of capitalism.
9. accept B. refuse C. support D. approve of

外刊经贸知识选读试题第1页（共6页）

8. Big business and dozens ofanonymous bureaucrats have as iniich power as Japan’s top elected leaders.
9. more than ten B. several C. thousands of D. few of
10. South Korea’s emergenceas a world-class economic power has been startlingly rapid.
11. join B. surprise C. rise D. dependence
12. Western diplomats say that, as Iraq has been neutralized for the moment, Iran is causing the greater concern.
13. beat B. care C. sympathy D. resistance
14. By any standards, it woiild be a hugely valuableachievement

A； worthless 或；云3 BW 血pg^t 只土 accessibl丘 “:Dm credible

12. World markets opened to all countries, and multilateral trade flourished.
13. suffered a lot of B. depressed sharply
14. developed quickly D. reduced much
15. The company’s new formula was designed partly to keep Coke’s sales growing overseas.
16. homely B. quickly C. internally D. abroad
17. Chinese eggs dominatethe fresh egg market with more than an 80-per cent share.
18. take over B. deal with C. check in S ： § D. pick out
19. Perhapsthe 1990s will once again prove to be a decade in which resources look in short supply.
20. surely B. fortunately C. certainly D. maybe

二、判断题:本大题共10小题,每小题2分，共20分。

判断下列各题，在答题卡（纸）相应位置正确的涂“A”,错误的涂“B”。

Passage 1

China Leaps Towards Top 10 Traders

Chinese see early GATT membership as one way of dealing with bilateral pressures from its main trading partners—the US, Japan and Germany—all of which are restive about their yawning trade gaps with China.

US trade representatives are also reporting that China is iiiakiiig a special effort to discuss new projects. Since the end of 1989, American businessmen have been returning to China with “zest”, according to a US official/工”*

But the lai^er deals in the petrochemical, power and transport sectors will take time to bring to fruition. In the meantime, the Chinese continue rapidly to expand and improve the range and the quality of their exports.

Progress made by China in the past decade is impressive. A decade ago, China ranked 20th as a world trader. Then exports of $ 18bn represented 4 per cent of Gross Domestic Product（ GDP） 外

and less than one per cent of world trade. Projected exports this year of $ lOObn would represent 20 per cent of China’s GDP and more than 2.5 per cent of world trade…•:

The growing sophistication of Chinese products is also reflected in the shift towards exports of manufactured items from 50 per cent in 1980 to 80 per cent last year. While China’s success owes much to cheap labour costs-textiles and footwear accounted for one third of 1992’s $85 bn in exports- exports of machinery, electronic products and transport equipment are the fastest growing areas.

16. China is an early member of GATT,
17. The US, Japan and Gennany concerned much over the trade gap with China.
18. Years after 1989, most American businessmen refrained themselves from coming to China.
19. Big deals in the petrochemical, power and transport sectors would see litde progress in a long time if improvement in exports⁵equality didn’t take place.
20. In 1992, textiles and footwear accounted for 1/3 of total China’s exports.

Passage 2

For World Economy, the Worst of Recession Has Passed

For many nations, the worst of economic slump is over.

After a slow first half, the United States recovery has accelerated. Some economists are talking of a real 4 per cent or better growth rate this quarter. The monthly survey of members of the National Association of Purchasing Management found a ^M healthy increase” in both manufacturing and the o- verall economy in November.

Business is picking up in Canada and Britain also. Canada should have around 2.7 per cent real growth this year. The new British budget, announced this week, assumes a real growth rate next year of 2.5 per cent.

But on the European continent, the situation is less happy. “The economic climate has deteriorated further, albeit at a declining rate,” a European Community report commented recendy.

There are still few signs of a cyclical turning point being reached. ^w

The MIT economist criticizes the French government for strangling the economy with high interest rates in order to keep the franc strong against the German deutsche mark. As a result, Dom- busch predicts, France will experience rising unemployment in 1993,1994 and 1995. And mass unemployment will worsen France’s budget deficit and the prospect for tax cuts or more government spending to boost the economy.

The Japanese economy remains in trouble, with output two quarters in a row for the first time in decades. An appreciation of more than 15 per cent in real terms in the Yen over the past two years has hurt Japanese competitiveness, Dombusch notes. The fiscal package to stimulate the economy, to be implemented next April, “will help some but not much”.

21. The economy of United States recovers slowly at the second half of the year.
22. It is forecasting to be over 2 per cent for Canadian and British economic growth in this year.
23. The situation in European Community is turning well according to its report.
24. Franc’s decision to keep parity with Gennan Deutsche mark is japt a wise one.
25. The high value of the Yen has contributed to the competitiveness of Japanese manufacturers.

第二部分非选择题

三、 将下列中文词组译成英文:本大题共10小题,每小题1分，共10分。

26. 国际收支
27. 消费品
28. 批发商
29. 筹措资金
30. 易货贸易
31. 试销市场
32. 竞争力
33. 有价证券
34. 特许专营权
35. 反向贸易

四、 将下列英语单词或词组译成中文:本大题共10小题,每小题1分，共10分。

36. invisible account
37. joint-venture
38. high rates of growth
39. barrier-free market
40. convertible currency “上
41. fast food shop –
42. productivity
43. delivery
44. countervailing duty
45. crude oil

五、简答题:本大题共6小题,每小题3分，共18分。

Passage 1

Some of the Clinton administration’s tough talk appears tactical, intended to pressure trading partners into offering concession and to unblock stalled negotiations on several fronts. But it appears that officials are prepared to turn up the temperature on trade-and live with the consequences. In some ways, Mr. Clinton and his advisers are following the same well-trod path as the Bush administration ,which threatened sanctions against the Community last year and walked away from GATT negotiations rather than sign an agreement that would provide only small gains for U. S. companies. The same political pressures from trade hawks in Congress that Bush officials felt are now bearing down on the Clinton team.

46. What is the implication of ” tactical” in the given context?
47. Who are the “ofilcials” in the context?
48. What does “the same well-trod path” specifically refer to? j

Passage 2

But now the dollar has fallen, and the very reverse has happened: commodity prices have continued to tumble from the peak they reached in the second quarter of 1984. When calculated in a more representative basket of currencies, such as the Special Drawing Right, the fall looks even more precipitous. In May of this year, for example, the IMF’s food price index was a further 10 per cent below its level in the second quarter of 1985. There are signs that the worst of the fall may now be over； indeed, one key commodity, sugar, has rebounded impressively from the lows of last year, though even the sugar price remains below the most efficient grower’s cost of production, and its rally appears to have run out of steam. For the rest, no body is bold enough to forecast a major improvement either this year or next. The IMF, for its part, believes that the prices of most commodities will fall substantially in 1986—with only sugar, tropical timber and hides among the softs likely to rise significantly.

49. Why is S.D.R. adopted, generally speaking?
50. What does “rebound” mean in the text?
51. Which commodity prices will not fall in 1986?

六、翻译题:本大题12分。

52. 52. More than one-third of China’s exports come from foreign—mainly Asian—owned factories. The big beneficiaries are Hong Kong and Taiwan. By integrating Chihese factories into production strategies, their companies can compete globally. Factory wages on the mainland—less than $ 1000 a year—are one 10th those in Taiwan. Companies from Hong Kong, a trading port of six million people, now employ more than three million workers in China. For Japanese businesses grappling with the strong yen, China is especially attractive. Japan’s domestic market is sagging, and yen-based costs are pricing its exports too high. China offers a thriving market and a cheap production base. Nearly one of every 10 yen that Japanese companies invest this year will end up in China, by one estimate；- -：

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