2022年4月自考00830现代语言学试题（历年真题）

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2022年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试现代语言学

（课程代码00830）

注意事项：

1. 本试卷分为两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题。
2. 应考者必须按试题顺序在答题卡(纸)指定位置上作答，答在试卷上无效。
3. 涂写部分、画图部分必须使用2B铅笔，书写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔。

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第一部分选择题

I ・ Directions： Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, Cor Don the ANSWER SHEET. (2% X 10=20% )

L A  study of language studies the historical development of language over a period of time.

1. comparative B. diachronic ：
2. synchronic D. descriptive
3. There are words in every language that imitate natural sounds, such as rumble, cackle,

bang, and . 

1. climb B. crash

Ci scheme ■ “ D. rotate

3. Of the following four morphemes, belongs to the inflectional morpheme.
4. geo- B. dis-
5. -less D. -ing
6. A sentence contains two or more clauses, one of which is incorporated into the other.
7. compound B. coordinate

:C； simple D. complex

II . Directions: Fill in the blank on the ANSWER SHEET in each of the following ” statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1%X 10=10%)

11. The study of all the social aspects of language and its relation with society form the core of the branch called s .
12. V of the vocal cords results in a quality of speech sounds called ’Poicing”.
13. Words that contain only one morpheme and can stand alone can be called f ? <
14. Syntactic rules comprise the system of internalized linguistic knowledge of a language speaker known as linguistic c .
15. According to the n theory, tiie words used in a language are taiken to be labels of  the otyects they stand for.
16. Context is generally considered as constituted by the knowledge shared by the speaker

, and theh ‘ 

17. It is generally accepted that the history of the English language is divided into the period ofOEnglish, Middle English and Modem English. 
18. A linguistic t refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by “polite” society from general use.
19. Language functions are believed to be lateralized primarily in the 1 hemisphere of the brain.
20. B  learning theory suggested that a child⁵s verbal behavior was conditioned through association between a stimulus and the following response.

HL Directions： Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false on the ANSWER SHEET. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and then give the correct version. (2%X 10=20%)

21. With his perfect knowledge of his own language, a speaker should not make mistakes in actual use, e.g., slips of the tongue, and unnecessaiy pauses.
22. In English, all the rounded vowels are back vowels.
23. According to their position in the new word, roots are divided into two kinds: prefixes and suffixes.
24. According to Chomsky, UG is a system of linguistic knowledge of a speech community.
25. The basic unit in semantic analysis of a sentence is predication.
26. A locutionary act is the act of uttering words, phrases, clauses.

27v The history of English lexical loss is characterized with heavy borrowing and word formation.

28. When “low IQ” is used for “stupid”, it is an instance of euphemism,
29. As far as the relation of language and thought is concerned, one can think only by language.
30. According to Krashen, language acquisition is contrasted with language learning in SLA process.
31. Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3% X 10=30%)
32. psycholinguistics
33. tone
34. morphology
35. combinational rules
36. antonymy . •「.
37. perlocutionary act
38. synchronic linguistics
39. language planning
40. linguistic lateralization
41. language transfer
42. Directions：Answer the following questions. (10% X2=20%)
43. What is the basic difference between a vowel and a consonant? And give examples for illustration.
44. To what extent do you think sociological triggers lead to language change? And give examples for illustration.

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