全国2010年10月自考基础英语真题下载

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一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）

（一）词汇应用（15分）

选择最佳答案完成句子。

1. The current investment _____ in our country are favorable, so a lot of foreign investors have come.

A. conditions

B. weather

C. situation

D. state

2. I _____ it for granted that we should have a pay raise.

A. take

B. think

C. make

D. ask

3. This house has _____hands three times this year.

A. shaken

B. changed

C. made

D. offered

4. He can not _____ to buy such an expensive car.

A. spend

B. waste

C. afford

D. acquire

5. By _____ of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need something to eat.

A. means

B. mean

C. ways

D. method

6. He told me that he had been offered a wellpaid _____ abroad.

A. employment

B. work

C. service

D. job

7. We have to raise our prices because of the increase in the cost of _____ materials.

A. primitive

B. rough

C. original

D. raw

8. Violent programs on television may have a bad _____ on children.

A. affect

B. effort

C. effect

D. control

9. A _____ is the place where ships from other countries can unload goods for trade, storage, processing, or transfer to another ship.

A. building

B. port

C. warehouse

D. storage

10. A new system of quality control was _____ to improve the firm’s products.

A. invested

B. published

C. introduced

D. displayed

11. Our manager spends a large _____ of time each day on the telephone.

A. amount

B. moment

C. period

D. number

12. When the exporter arranges shipment through a forwarding agent, the agent _____ the whole transaction.

A. handles

B. does

C. manages

D. makes

13. Our income can only _____ our expenses, so we have no extra money to have a holiday.

A. afford

B. spend

C. support

D. cover

14. When making an investment, you have to take a lot of factors into _____.

A. considering

B. account

C. accountant

D. count

15. The development of science and technology _____ a change in our life.

A. brought about

B. brought up

C. brought forward

D. brought out

(二)语法结构(15分)

选择最佳答案完成句子。

16. The city is _____ most densely populated in China.

A. sixth

B. six

C. the six

D. the sixth

17. It _____ that a businessman is only interested in making profits.

A. is generally supposed

B. generally supposes

C. generally is supposed

D. supposed generally

18. These stripes _____ by a computer.

A. can read

B. can be read

C. read

D. is read

19. He didn’t come back _____ it was dark.

A. until

B. that

C. as soon as

D. where

20. We all know automatic machines cannot do all _____ man does.

A. when

B. if

C. what

D. that

21. The house is very nice _____.

A. living

B. live

C. to live

D. to live in

22. What he lacks is courage, _____?

A. isn’t it

B. isn’t he

C. is it

D. is he

23. The dancer and teacher who _____ giving performance now _____ my sister.

A. is, are

B. is, is

C. are, are

D. are, is

24. I have never seen such a spelling, it _____ a mistake.

A. can be

B. will be

C. need be

D. must be

25. Not until the year of 1966 _____ made the capital of this province.

A. the city was

B. when the city was

C. was the city

D. when was the city

26. This computerized system will probably save _____ of the checkout clerk’s time.

A. as much as 45 percent

B. 45 percent as much as

C. as much 45 percent as

D. as many as 45 percent

27. As fuel price rose, bus companies raised their fares and _____.

A. so did the airlines

B. so the airlines did

C. nor did the airlines

D. nor the airlines did

28. Britain trades _____ many European countries.

A. in

B. with

C. at

D. on

29. By the end of this century, air pollution _____ a serious problem that endangers the health of the human race.

A. will have become

B. becomes

C. will become

D. has become

30. It is cheaper to throw the cars away than _____ them.

A. to repair

B. repair

C. repairing

D. repaired

二、改错(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)下面句子中有A、B、C、D四个划底线部分，其中有一个是错误的，选出错误部分的字母，无需改正错误。

31. Whenoverall exportsexceedimports, a countrysaid tohavea trade surplus.

A B C D

32. Unemploymentis expected toaffect anestimatingtwenty thousand people this year,

A B

equivalent tosomethree percent of the labor force.

C D

33. The policeclaimthat their relationshipwith the publicaregetting better, but it isnot true.

A B C D

34.All thepeoplegot offthe train and walkedtowardthe stairslead tothe street.

A B C D

35. Withouttaxation, itwould beimpossible to pay the soldiers andpolicemenwhoprotectsus.

A B C D

36. A bankneed not keepitsexcess reservesin it, but can usethembyits discretion.

A B C D

37.Atthat hour ofthe morning, a traincame intothe stationevery a few minutes.

A B C D

38.Athis opinion, successinlifedepends mainly onhow weget along withother people.

A B C D

39.Changesin investmentspendingoften seem topivotal incausingupswings or downswingsin

A B C D

a modern economy.

40.Nearevery major cityin the worldprovidessome form ofpublic transportation.

A B C D

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)

每空提供四个选择项，选择最佳答案填空。

In New York, there is now a school with no daily lessons, no class teachers…41 a school building! The‘school’ is a new project. It is called ‘City-as-School’ and the name means just that: the city itself is the place where 350 students, between the ages of 15 and 18,learn their lessons.

Students choose42of work which43them and then they help to do that work.. For instance, one girl spends her week in the offices of a Congresswoman—an elected official—helping the public44problems such as pensions, housing, etc. Then she goes to help in a theatre for a day and she spends one day a week45first-year courses at college.

City-as-School is six years old. The education system in New York46it now, as an alternative to final years at school. But can it47ordinary lessons? Well, students have to pass maths and science exams48they enter the ‘school’. These subjects are not easy to provide for in ‘City-as-School’. Teachers monitor the progress of the students. 80% to 85% of the students go to college ( or university, as it is called in Britain ) after their time at ‘City-as-School’. The49rate is high. And the students are enthusiastic50their ‘school’.They like the responsibility of their work, and the51of purpose it gives them.

In a big city like New York, there are enough resources for a52like this. But in Philadelphia, another large town in America, a similar school53because there wasn’t enough54of work for the students.

When the students leave ‘City-as-School’, they don’t have a normal academic education；but they do know55about different kinds of work in the city.

41. A. even not B. not even C. no even D. even no

42. A. areas B. regions C. respects D. aspects

43. A. interests B. interest C. interested D. interesting

44. A. to B. with C. about D. on

45. A. taking B. to take C. take D. takes

46. A. admits B. receives C. accepts D. agrees

47. A. supplement 　B. take place C. replace D. take place of

48. A. before B. until C. unless D. after

49. A. successful B. failure C. success D. successive

50. A. at B. about C. in D. to

51. A. sense B. sensibility C. sensitivity 　D. sensing

52. A. class B. project C. building 　D. town

53. A. opened B. closed C. developed 　　D. boomed

54. A. range B. lot C. kind 　D. variety

55. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of D. lot

四、阅读理解(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)

本部分有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题，每个问题有四个供选择的答案。请选择一个最佳答案。

Passage 1

Nowadays, a standard for measuring power has changed. These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power. No longer will a nation’spolitical influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary measure of power. But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. It’soften said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of power and influence that is evolving now place more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic market of the world.

America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess(威力）over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership.

The competitiveness of America’sindustrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society—government, industry, and education. That is not to say that the Defense Department will not be a strong force in the process because we will. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior of American industry.

56. Now a nation’spolitical influence depends on _____.

A. the strength of its military forces

B. its ability to compete industry

C. economic markets

D. both A and B

57. The Soviet Union was not listed as a thirdworld nation just because of_____.

A. its powerful military forces

B. its vast land

C. its industrial competitiveness

D. its contributions to world peace

58. The author indicates that _____ is threatening American political power.

A. other countries

B. the declining U.S. industrial base

C. a new standard for measuring power

D. less advanced technology

59. America succeeded in shaping world events over the past 40 years probably because of _____.

A. its ability to adapt to technology

B. its ability to take advantage of the capability of its people

C. its ability to compete in the world market

D. both A and B

60. The purpose of writing this article is _____.

A. to draw the reader’sattention to a new standard for measuring power

B. to demonstrate American political influence in the world

C. to emphasize that efforts must be made to strengthen the declining U.S. industrial base

D. to show American industrial prowess

Passage 2

Television carries more national advertising than any other in the United States. The same is true in some smaller countries such as Spain and Portugal, where it is the only medium reaching a general national audience. In many countries—Sweden and Denmark, for example, the state-owned television, accepts no advertising. In many other countries the amount of commercial time is extremely limited, as in France, Germany, and Italy. Soviet state-owned television began accepting a limited amount of advertising in 1988.

The chief reason for the popularity of television among United States advertisers is that it reaches a vast number of people at the same time. While it can cost well over 100,000 dollars, a 30-secondcommercialon network television can be seen and heard by as many as 25 million viewers. For manufacturers who must make prospects aware of their products and convince them of its benefits immediately, there is nothing as efficient as television advertising.

Because it employs motion as well as words, graphics, sound, and music, television is a valuable medium for products that lend themselves to demonstration. No other medium is as effective in showing how quickly an automobile can accelerate or how well a brand of wristwatch will stand up under abuse and continue to run. Similarly, it is an ideal medium for conveying a mood or an emotional benefit for products such as long-distance telephone calls.

61. Which medium carries the most national advertising in Spain?

A. Radio.

B. Newspaper.

C. Television.

D. Internet.

62. State-owned television accepts ads in the following countries except _____.

A. Portugal

B. Sweden

C. France

D. Italy

63. To manufacturers, TV advertising is the most efficient way to promote sales because _____.

A. TV can make advertisers aware of their products

B. it can convince people of the quality of their products

C. TV covers a large audience at the same time

D. it can be seen and heard by over 25 million local viewers

64. The word “commercial” in the 2nd paragraph means _____.

A. advertisement

B. business

C. notice

D. motion picture

65. The writer of this passage is _____ about the benefits of TV advertising.

A. optimistic

B. unconcerned

C. enthusiastic

D. positive

五、单词或短语的英汉互译(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)

(一)将下列词语译成中文（5分）

66. better quality products at good values

67. an income tax

68. the supply and demand apparatus

69. cable ad revenues

70. coinage

(二)将下列词语译成英文（5分）

71. 无形贸易

72. 纯自由贸易

73. 资本与产出比率

74. 批量生产

75.货币市场

六、英汉句子互译(本大题共4小题，共15分)

(一)将下列句子译成中文(8分)

76. Foreign customers purchased a rising proportion of Japanese goods because these represented good buys in terms of price and quality. (4 分)

77. They persuade the purchaser to buy something for emotional, not rational motives. (4分)

(二)将下列句子译成英文(7分)

78.总的来说，“无形”贸易的收入超过“有形”贸易的差额。(4分)

79.他认为创新进步的引进和吸收是现代经济大波动的主要原因。(3分)

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